Pohutukawa
Metrosideros excelsa
Family: Myrtaceae · Also called New Zealand Christmas Tree, Iron Tree, Rata, Metrosideros tomentosa, Nania tomentosa, Metrosideros florida var. aurata
Green & Fresh · Summer bloomer
Pōhutukawa blazes crimson along New Zealand's coastline each Christmas, gnarled, sculptural trees draped in masses of brilliant red brush-like flowers (actually dense clusters of stamens) that create a festive display visible from far out at sea. Ancient specimens with aerial roots gripping coastal cliffs are among New Zealand's most photographed natural icons.
strength, Christmas, new beginnings, coastal resilience
In the Victorian language of flowers, pohutukawa means “Strength rooted in adversity”. Known as New Zealand's Christmas Tree, it blooms in vivid crimson right at Christmas time (Southern Hemisphere summer). In Māori culture, the pōhutukawa at Cape Reinga is sacred: spirits of the dead descend its roots into the underworld. It's a protected species in many areas. The Māori name means 'sprinkled with spray' for its coastal habitat.
Did You Know?
The oldest pōhutukawa (Te Rongoa at Te Araroa) is estimated at 600+ years old with a trunk circumference of 40 feet and a canopy spreading 125 feet, it's one of New Zealand's largest trees. Pōhutukawa can grow directly on rocky cliff faces, sending roots into crevices. Possums (introduced from Australia) severely threaten wild trees by eating the flowers and leaves.
Coastal cliffs, rocky shores, and forest margins of New Zealand's North Island
Pohutukawa is native to New Zealand. It naturally grows in coastal cliffs, rocky shores, and forest margins of new zealand's north island.
Scent Profile
“A warm, honey-nectar sweetness, the masses of stamens produce copious nectar that draws bees, tui birds, and bellbirds with its sweet scent, especially on warm December days.”
Quick Reference
- Scientific NameMetrosideros excelsa
- FamilyMyrtaceae
- Native ToNew Zealand
- Bloom SeasonSummer
- LifespanPerennial
Cultural Significance
Known as New Zealand's Christmas Tree, it blooms in vivid crimson right at Christmas time (Southern Hemisphere summer). In Māori culture, the pōhutukawa at Cape Reinga is sacred: spirits of the dead descend its roots into the underworld. It's a protected species in many areas. The Māori name means 'sprinkled with spray' for its coastal habitat.